this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
thanks; gratitude; manners; etiquette; bow; reward; gift
surroundings; environs; circumference
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g. a space)
scene; spectacle; sight; view
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to look at; to gaze at; to look out over; to get a view of; to look on (from the sidelines); to stand by and watch
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to mutter; to murmur; to grumble; to tweet (Twitter)
middle; halfway; half (of); one half; half (e.g. done, jokingly); partly
force; vigor; influence; authority; impetus; momentum
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to open (e.g. doors); to open (e.g. business, etc.); to be empty; to be vacant; to be available; to be open (e.g. neckline, etc.); to have been opened (of one's eyes, mouth, etc.)
hole; opening; pit; hollow; burrow; den; deficit
to jump in; to leap in; to plunge into; to burst in; to barge in
such ... as; or some such
imitating; copying; mimicry; behavior; behaviour; action
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
the person in question; the person themselves; said person
as (for); for; in the capacity of
a little; some; somewhat; amount; quantity; number
absurd; unreasonable; excessive; very; extremely; excessively
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
recognition; awareness; perception; understanding; knowledge; cognition
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
at any rate; anyhow; anyway; in any case; because; as you know
the present; present time; as of; present tense; this world; this life
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
family; clan; sect; school; group of related sumo stables
technology; engineering; technique; skill; art; craft
total energy; all efforts
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
in that way; thus; so; so?
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned
like this; this sort; this way