indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
request; commission; entrusting (with a matter); dependence; reliance
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
passage (of time); elapsing; progress; development; transit
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
by means of; due to; because of; according to
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
subjugation (using military force); suppression; subduing
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to arrive at (e.g. a decision); to reach (a stage); to lead to (a place); to get to; in the extreme case of; (arch.) to come
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
Metropolis (of Tokyo); (Tokyo) Metropolitan District; counter for cities and towns; capital
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
no change; no difference; no unusual events; no accidents; no incidents
hole; opening; pit; hollow; burrow; den; deficit
strangeness; abnormality; disorder
particularly; especially; in particular; expressly
head (of a household, etc.); leader; owner; proprietor; subject (of a rumour, etc.); doer (of a deed); guardian spirit (e.g. long-resident beast, usu. with mystical powers)
grief; mourning; lamentation
atrocious; fiendish; brutal; villainous
inducing; causing; triggering; giving rise to
medicine; agent; (chemical) substance; drug; dose
to bring; to take; to bring about
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
usual; ordinary; normal; regular; general; common
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
duration; continuance; survival; persistence; retention
demon; devil; evil spirit; monster; goblin; apparition