to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
to go to ruin; to go under; to fall; to be destroyed; to die out; to become extinct
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to change; to alter; to transform; to reform; to revise; to amend
etc.; et cetera; and so on
information; news; intelligence; information; data contained in characters, signals, code, etc.
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
to open (e.g. doors); to open (e.g. business, etc.); to be empty; to be vacant; to be available; to be open (e.g. neckline, etc.); to have been opened (of one's eyes, mouth, etc.)
just now; at this moment; at this point of time
in comparison to; rather than
civilization; civilisation; culture; Bunmei era (1469.4.28-1487.7.20)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
tens of thousands of years
discovery; detection; finding
somehow; for some reason; without knowing why
to be ruined; to go under; to perish; to be destroyed
subdivision (into small parts)
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
to divide (into); to split (into); to share; to distribute; to distinguish; to discriminate; to break up (a fight)
far away; far off; far; long ago; long before
change; conversion; transformation; transformation
wonderful; marvelous; strange; strangely enough; oddly enough; for some reason
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to compare; to make a comparison; to compete; to vie
absurd; foolish; stupid; silly; nonsense; ludicrous
junk; rubbish; trash; garbage; odds and ends
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
precise; exact; detailed; accurate; minute; close
complex; complicated; intricate; mixed (feelings)
study; research; investigation
to advance; to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to improve; to deepen
still; even now; to this day
toy; (person or thing treated as a) plaything
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
the past; bygone days; one's past (that one would prefer remained secret); past (tense); preterit; previous life
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)