indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to match (rhythm, speed, etc.); to join together; to unite; to face; to be opposite (someone); to compare; to check with
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
living; lifestyle; living room
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to call (someone) to (the door, phone, etc.); to tell (someone) to come; to call up (on the phone); to invoke (e.g. a subroutine); to call; to open (e.g. a file)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to sound; to ring; to resound; to echo; to roar; to rumble
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to receive; to take; to get someone to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
younger brother; little brother; brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband); (arch.) pupil; (arch.) apprentice
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
year; age; years; past one's prime; old age
to be separated; to be apart; to leave; to go away; to leave (a job, etc.); to quit
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
remind me; I forget; was it?; was that what happened?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof