jpdb beta

town; city; municipal; urban

8

consumer; ordinary citizen; stakeholder; person who lives on (e.g. situation, income, place)

1

chōnin (Edo-period social class of town-dwelling commoners, esp. landowning merchants); townspeople; townsfolk; tradespeople

1

such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o

368

overripeness; full maturity; full development

1

culture; civilization; civilisation; Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)

4

rejoicing; glorification; exultation; celebration; enjoyment; singing praises

1

the samurai glories in honourable poverty; keep a stiff upper lip!

1

speaking of ...; when it comes to ...; as for ...; if one were to say ...

32

being able to hear something (clearly); clearness of a sound; reputation; renown; impression (that something gives off); respectability

1

good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial

20

warrior; samurai

5

soul; spirit

1

article for pawning

1

to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include

1

lower back; waist; hips; body (of hair, noodle, paper, etc.); resilience; spring

1

bamboo sword (resembling a katana, etc.); bamboo imitation sword; dull sword

1

to shine; to be visible; to be tinged with; to rise (of water levels); to flow in; to be felt (i.e. as an emotion); to come over one

1

funny; comical; humorous; ridiculous; silly; absurd

2

enduring something out of pride; putting up with it; grinning and bearing it

1

to act (a part); to play (a role); to perform (a play, etc.); to put on (a production); to commit (a blunder); to disgrace oneself

2

to continue; to keep up; to keep on

31

already; now; no longer; not any more

16

Pharos

2

have no choice; there is nothing but; no more than

79

also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise

73

in that way; thus; so; so?

50

to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)

231

to associate with; to keep company with; to go out with; to go along with; to follow someone's lead; to accompany someone

3

to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)

19

to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed

306

people; men and women; each person; everybody

28

to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)

16

national isolation; closing the country (to foreigners); sakoku; policy of national isolation enacted by the Tokugawa shogunate

1

called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...

299

reed bed

1

crevice; crack; spare moment; interval; chink (in one's armor, armour); unpreparedness

1

to insert; to put in; to have a griping pain; to flow in; to shine in

1

Dutch studies; studies of Western knowledge

1

knowledge; information

6

avarice; greed; covetousness; raga (desire)

1

absorption; suction; attraction

3

new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date

13

sense of values; values; value system

1

creation; Creation (by God)

1

towards (a destination); for the purpose of; with the goal of; targeting (a group, a demographic)

7

to come alive; to get going; to start to move

4

Kamakura (city)

1

to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to

37

long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged

18