death; (an) out; death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation; most severe of the five ritsuryō punishments)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
branch; bough; limb; twig; sprig; spray
suburb; residential area on the outskirt of a city; commuter belt
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to stretch; to extend; to straighten out; to be flattened; to spread (of paint, cream, etc.); to stretch out (e.g. of a hand); to extend
highway (esp. one existing from the Edo period); main road; highway (e.g. to success); path (to becoming ...); subdistrict (in China)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
old; aged; long; since long ago; of the distant past; long-ago
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
the old days; the past; former times; the past ten years; the past decade
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
sickle; leading question; trick question; sickle-and-chain (weapon); spear with curved cross-blades; gooseneck tenon and mortise joint; (arch.) noisiness
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well ...; I think ...
warehouse; storehouse; cellar; magazine; granary; godown
warehouse; storehouse; cellar; magazine; granary; godown
to be open (to traffic); to lead (to); to flow (of a liquid, current, etc.); to pass (through); to be conveyed (of an intention, meaning, etc.); to be understood (by); to be well versed (in)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
now; the present time; just now; another; more
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
face; mask; face guard; striking the head (in kendo); surface (esp. a geometrical surface); page; aspect
honorific/polite/humble prefix
shadow; silhouette; reflection; image; ominous sign; light (stars, moon); trace
shade; shadow; behind (something); other side; the background; behind the scenes
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
how much; something over; and something; however (much); no matter how
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
width; breadth; freedom (e.g. of thought); latitude; gap; difference (e.g. in price)
narrow; confined; small; limited; narrow-minded; confining
that road (path, street, way, etc.); that line (of business); that profession; love affairs; romance
winding; meandering; zigzagging; zig-zag; in twists and turns; sinuously
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to bend; to curve; to turn; to be awry; to be askew
one line; one stretch (e.g. of road); earnest; resolute; (arch.) one bloodline; (arch.) one clan
to face; to go towards; to head towards
to stick; to paste; to stretch; to spread; to form (e.g. ice on a pond); to fill; to swell
land readjustment; town planning
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly