town; block; street; road; chō (unit of length, approx. 109.09 m); chō (unit of land area, approx. 0.99 hectares)
article (in a document); clause; counter for lines, stripes, streaks, rays, etc.; although; though; since
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
warehouse; storehouse; cellar; magazine; granary; godown
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
antique store; curio store
rare; exceptional; extraordinary; unique; incomparable; unparalleled
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
judgement; judgment; expert opinion; appraisal
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
sharp (knife, claws, etc.); pointed; sharp (pain, tone, etc.); acute; keen (intuition, sense of smell, etc.); acute
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
wonderful; marvelous; strange; strangely enough; oddly enough; for some reason
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
unique; peculiar; singular
Kyoto man; man from Kyoto
imperial capital (esp. Kyoto); final word of an iroha poem; 10^16; 10,000,000,000,000,000
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
no; you're welcome; not at all; don't mention it
mallow (any plant of family Malvaceae); Asarum caulescens (species of wild ginger)
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
surname; family name; last name
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
platform; home; home base; home plate
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
drawing; picture; diagram; sight; scene
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence