indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to summon; to call (e.g. phone); to convene; to invoke (e.g. subroutine); to call; to open (e.g. a file)
bonze; monk; monk's dwelling; boy; son; I; me
princess; daughter of a nobleman
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
leaving a decision to someone else (often of a meal to be selected by the chef); omakase
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
I; me; personal (affairs, etc.); private; selfishness; partiality
samurai on horseback; (medieval) knight
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
hostel; dormitory; (arch.) bureau (government department beneath a ministry under the ritsuryo system); (arch.) tea-ceremony room; (arch.) villa
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to carry; to transport; to come; to go; to wield (a tool, etc.); to use
two persons; two people; pair; couple
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
there; that situation; that occasion; the spot (i.e. "on the spot"); immediately; then and there
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
close associate; close aide; brains-truster
to give directions; to issue instructions
light; well-lit; bright (of a colour); brightly-coloured; cheerful; bright; encouraging (for the future of a project, etc.)
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
ticktock; chinking (e.g. of a hammer against rock); knocking; dry and hard; (frozen) stiff; hidebound
to ring; to sound; to be popular; to be esteemed; to state; to insist
greeting; greetings; speech (congratulatory or appreciative); address; reply; response; revenge
permission; approval; authorization; to permit; to authorize
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
simple; easy; uncomplicated; brief; quick; light
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
fast (walking); quick; brisk; quick (passing of time); rapid; swift
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to shiver; to shake; to quake; to tremble; to quaver; to quiver