indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
circumstances; conditions; situation; reasons; state of affairs
June; sixth month of the lunar calendar
thirteenth day of the month; thirteen days
senior high school; high school
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to restrict; to limit; to be restricted to; to be limited to; to be best (for); to be the best plan
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
older brother; elder brother
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
bright; intelligent; clever; smart
kind; tender-hearted; compassionate
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to take good care of; to treasure; to value; to hold dear; to prize; to cherish
towards; against; regarding; in contrast with
overprotective; excessive care; overprotection; overprotectiveness
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
fault; defect; flaw; failure (in an examination); failing grade
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
virtue; charm; merit; good point
inside out; upside down; flip side; opposite; contrary
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
rather; better; instead; if anything
consent; assent; agreement; understanding; comprehension; grasp
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
respect; esteem; reverence; honour; honor
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
loveable; very likeable; like very much
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
older brother; elder brother; brother (as older-brother figure in friendly and or work relationship); young man; buddy
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
fungus; germ; bacterium; bacillus