indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
God; god; ace; king; superior person
in that way; thus; so; so?
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
becoming a pupil (of); becoming an apprentice
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
at that time; in those days
suffix for familiar person
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
older sister and younger brother
child (esp. a boy); viscount; founder of a school of thought (esp. Confucius); master; masters and philosophers (categorization of Chinese classical literature); (arch.) you; -er (i.e. man who spends all his time doing...)
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
master; teacher; stable master
travel; trip; journey; excursion; tour
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to take someone (to some place); to take someone along; to lead someone away
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
operation (of a machine, etc.); operating; driving; working (capital, etc.)
car; automobile; vehicle; wheel
back seat (of a car); rear seat
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
to line up; to stand in a line; to rival; to match; to equal
to sit; to squat; to assume (a position); to hold steady; to hold still
Fukui prefecture (Hokuriku area)
deep in the mountains; mountain recesses
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
Kansai; region consisting of Osaka, Kobe, Kyoto and surrounding prefectures; Kansai; south-western half of Japan (during the feudal era)
scenery; scene; landscape
to be thoroughly attracted by; to be completely fascinated by