something broad and flat; common; ordinary; low-ranking employee; freshman
door (esp. Japanese-style); shutter; window shutter; (arch.) entrance (to a home); (arch.) narrows
feudal domain (Edo and early Meiji periods, precursor to current prefectures); fiefdom; province
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(one's) superior; (one's) boss; the higher-ups
mediation; intermediation; procuration; entertainment; treatment; reception
by means of; due to; because of; according to
finally; at last; barely; narrowly; gradually; little by little
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
wife; (arch.) my dear; (arch.) dear; garnish (esp. one served with sashimi); embellishment
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
shellfish; seashell; shell
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
two sheets (pieces) (of paper)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
pair; couple; antithesis; counter for items that come in pairs; counter for sets (of clothes, small furniture, utensils, etc.)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
married couple; husband and wife; man and wife; his and hers; pair of objects, one larger (for man), one smaller (for woman)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
two persons; two people; pair; couple
brilliant; glorious; glittering; bright; splendid (e.g. achievement, success); promising (e.g. future)
every day; daily; day after day; days (e.g. good old days)
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
disappearance; running away; going missing; absconding
to cut apart (cloth, paper, etc.); to sever (ties); to break off (relationship); to cut off (enemy's retreat); to block (road, etc.)
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
sliver of hope; gleam of hope; ray of hope
to hold in one's arms (e.g. a baby); to embrace; to hug; to have (a thought or feeling); to hold; to harbour (suspicion, doubt, etc.)
Edo (shogunate capital, now Tokyo); Yedo
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
unexpected; unforeseen; inconceivable
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work