lower-ranking vassal in the Kamakura and Edo periods
provision; supply; payment; allowance; grant
(husked grains of) rice; staple (product, etc.); necessity
security; guarantee; collateral (e.g. mortgage)
to lend; to loan; to rent out; to hire out
reserve; constraint; declining; refraining; forethought; foresight
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
receiving; reception; eating; drinking; please; please do for me
Echigo (former province located in present-day Niigata Prefecture)
as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly
husband; master (of a house, shop, etc.)
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
Kyoto and vicinity (esp. during Edo period); Kyoto-Osaka region; Kansai region
to study (in depth); to learn; to take lessons in
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
important; significant; precious; valuable; careful
he; she; that person; that; that one; that thing
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
by all means; at all costs; absolutely
at hand; on hand; way of moving one's arms; skill; money at hand; pocket money
to put back; to return; to vomit; to throw up; to recover (of a market price)
such; this sort of; like this
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
How did you like ...?; How about ...?; What's going on?; How's it going?
substitute; replacement; stand-in; proxy; compensation; exchange
stealthily; secretly; in secret
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to hit; to beat; to shout at; to yell at
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
knowing; (an) acquaintance
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
still more; even more; all the more; still less; even less
to take back; to regain; to get back; to recover
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
trouble; quarrel; dispute
like cats and dogs; (on) very bad terms; (lit.) relationship of dogs and monkeys