hell realm; Naraka; Hell; hell; misery; place where a volcano or hot springs constantly spew smoke or steam
to fall; to drop; to set (of the sun or moon); to sink; to decrease (of popularity, quality, speed, sales, etc.); to fall; to be inferior (to)
Tajima (former province located in the north of present-day Hyōgo Prefecture)
from the beginning; from the first; of course; not to mention ...; not only ... but also ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
(distant) future; future existence; world beyond the grave; future (tense)
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
bottom; sole; depths (e.g. of despair, the sea); bottom (of one's heart); limit; end
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to make sure of; to ascertain; to see with one's own eyes; to watch to the end; to watch to make sure (that)
oneself; oneself; for oneself; personally
plan; project; attempt; plot; scheme; undertaking
by means of; due to; because of; according to
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
finally; in the end; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
valley; ravine; gorge; canyon
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to obtain; to get; to procure; to win; to secure
to do completely; to do accidentally; to do without meaning to; to happen to do
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
in person; personally; (do) oneself
to finish off; to ensure (something) is dead; to put an end to; to deliver the final blow; to be the best for A
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to be surprised; to be taken aback; to be amazed; to be frightened; to be startled; to be alarmed
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
after this; henceforth; henceforward; from now on
honorific/polite/humble prefix
blame; censure; rebuke; reproof
punishment (esp. spanking a child); criminal punishment (esp. execution; Edo period)
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
being settled; coming to a conclusion
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from ... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that ...; trying to ...
good; OK; all right; fine; very well; will do
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
any more; anymore; any further; any better; any longer
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to desire; to want; to expect (of someone); to hope for; to see; to command (a view of)
probably not; probably won't; intend not to; will not; trying not to; attempting not to; whether you ... or not