indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
doing; in such a state; doing together; doing to each other; familiarizing suffix (sometimes meaning "small")
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
and (also); both ... and; as well as
how; in what way; how about
Musashi (former province located in parts of present-day Tokyo, Kanagawa and Saitama prefectures)
babysitting; babysitter; protecting; keeping; keeper
to bite; to chew; to gnaw; to fumble one's words (esp. during a play, broadcast, etc.); to falter with one's words; to crash against (e.g. of waves); to break onto (shore)
to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
and; moreover; besides; as well as; and on top of that; at the same time
armor and helmet (armour)
to take the name of; to call oneself; to pretend; to feign; to purport
just (now); quite (near); unintentionally; subconsciously
Buddhist priest; bonze; layman dressed like a priest; person
circle; entirety; whole; money; dough; enclosure inside a castle's walls; soft-shelled turtle
oh; ho; exclamation of surprise, admiration, etc.; hoo (owl call); toot (sound of a flute)
to be shut; to close; to be firm (of a body, face, etc.); to be well-knit; to be locked; to tighten
castle (in place names); castle; fortress
excess; surplus; superabundance; overabundance
to be raised (e.g. child); to be brought up; to grow (up)
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
neck; head; dismissal; discharge
in; on; at (place); as for; regarding
cutting off the nose (form of punishment in ancient China)
bravery; military prowess; valour; valor
to represent; to signify; to reveal; to show; to express; to make widely known
friend and foe; enemies and allies; both sides
doubt; suspicion; hesitation; indecision
to row; to scull; to pedal (e.g. bicycle); to swing (on a swing); to operate a hand pump; to push through (deep snow, the jungle, etc.)
to translate; to interpret
to untie; to unfasten; to unsew; to unstitch; to solve; to work out; to dispel (misunderstanding, etc.)
male coming-of-age-ceremony; shaving one's eyebrows, blackening one's teeth, and wearing one's hair in the marumage style (of a newly married woman; Edo period)
Chinese bellflower (Platycodon grandiflorus)