sword worn on the hip; something worn on the hip (e.g. sword, pill box, money pouch)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
samurai; warrior; military family
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to stop walking; to pause
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
provincial capital (under the ritsuryo system); provincial office; public place of imperial rule
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
to be separated; to be apart; to leave; to go away; to leave (a job, etc.); to quit
field; plain; prairie; moor
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
Tenpō era (1830.12.10-1844.12.2)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
March; third month of the lunar calendar
sixteenth day of the month; sixteen days
hazy; dim; faint; minced fish or meat that is seasoned and fried
in comparison with; when compared with; according to; in light of; in view of
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
Edo (shogunate capital, now Tokyo); Yedo
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
highway route (Edo period); main route
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
precisely; exactly; plumb; damn; stupid; cursed
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
to make a mistake (in); to commit an error (e.g. in calculation); to confuse; to mistake something for something else
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
thereupon; shortly thereafter