time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Common Era; CE; Christian Era; Western (Gregorian) calendar
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
change; alteration; modification
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to plan; to form a plan; to scheme; to envision; to intend to do
time; hour; period; class
going upstream; sailing against the current
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
extermination; annihilation
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
for; for the sake of; to one's advantage; because of; as a result of
sword; dagger; knife; bayonet
than; from; out of; except; but; more
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
life or death struggle; mortal combat; struggle to the death
to unfold; to unroll; to open
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
difficult; hard; impossible; unfeasible; fussy; particular; gloomy
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
listen!; you see; mind you; remember
oh; ho; exclamation of surprise, admiration, etc.; hoo (owl call); toot (sound of a flute)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
Japanese bush warbler (Horornis diphone); Japanese nightingale; greenish brown; having a beautiful voice
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
to catch; to capture; to catch hold of (someone); to stop (e.g. a stranger in the street); towards (someone); at (someone)
no sooner than; as soon as; immediately after; at the thought of; when I think about
instead of; in place of; as a substitute for; in exchange for; in return for; to make up for
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to take someone (to some place); to take someone along; to lead someone away
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
to joke; to jest; to make fun of; to laugh at; to romp; to gambol
tree; shrub; bush; wood; timber
splendid; fine; praiseworthy; creditable; legal; legitimate
(facial) expression (esp. fierce, fearless, sinister, etc.); look