crossing; passage; importing; import; wandering; wanderer; migration
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
Kinai (the five provinces in the immediate vicinity of Kyoto)
state of things; state of affairs; situation; conditions; circumstances
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to get (information) out of someone; to extract (information) from someone; to find out (through questioning); to begin listening (to)
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
group (of people, competitors, companies, etc.); contingent; camp; team
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be added to; to be appended; to join in (e.g. a group of friends); to participate; to increase (e.g. heat); to gain in (e.g. influence)
10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various
too (much); overly; excessively
to swell up; to bulge; to swell (of a budget, population, etc.); to increase significantly; to balloon
reason; significance; cause; piece of information that one has heard; I hear that ...; it is said that ...
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
sagacity; wisdom; intelligence
battle; fight; fighting; engagement; contest
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
holding a castle (during a siege); holing up; confinement (to one's home); staying at home; staying indoors
war; battle; match; game; competition
win; victory; beautiful scenery; scenic spot; counter for wins
dragon (esp. a Chinese dragon); naga; semi-divine human-cobra chimera in Hindu and Buddhist mythology; promoted rook
castle (in place names); castle; fortress
which; where; all; both; anyway; anyhow
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to chip; to nick; to break; to lack
ignominious defeat; crushing failure; utterly beaten; overwhelming defeat
clear; obvious; evident; bright; light
terrible; dreadful; tremendous; terrific; appalling; shocking
force; vigor; influence; authority; impetus; impulse
Hokuriku region (of Honshu; incl. Niigata, Toyama, Ishikawa and Fukui prefectures)
even; even if ...; even though ...; because ...; as ...; with the purpose of ...
to come true (of a dream, wish, etc.); to be realized; to be fulfilled; to be granted; to be answered (of a prayer); to be requited (of love)
probably not; probably won't; intend not to; will not; trying not to; attempting not to; whether you ... or not
the whole world; the whole country; society; the public; supremacy over a nation; government of a country; having one's own way
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
justice; right; righteousness; correct meaning; correct explanation
to be defeated; to be beaten; to be unsuccessful; to lose
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
already; now; no longer; not any more