red-light district; prostitution quarter; geisha quarter
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
near; neighbourhood; nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to; shortly; soon
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to sing; to chirp; to twitter
caged bird; person whose freedom has been restricted (esp. a prostitute, mistress, concubine, etc.)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
guest; visitor; customer; client; counter for containers used to entertain guests
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
face; mask; face guard; (in kendo) striking the head; surface (esp. a geometrical surface); page; aspect
amiability; friendliness; fondness (of someone); affection; compliments; civilities
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to fling; to throw off (clothes); to kick off (boots)
to ascend; to go up; to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to go to (the capital); to be promoted; to add up to
time; hour; period; class
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to break; to snap; to be injured; to wear out; to be worn out; to break; to burst
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to sleep; to die; to rest (in peace); to lie idle (e.g. of resources); to lie unused; (arch.) to close one's eyes
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
while; during; while; although; all; both
dilapidated house; tumbledown house; my house; my home; small resting place comprising four pillars and a roof (with no walls)
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
before one's eyes; in front of one; under one's nose; immediate; imminent; around the corner
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
verdigris; green rust; copper rust
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
men; manservant; male attendants to an actor
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
cold (to the touch); chilly; icy; (emotionally) cold; coldhearted; unfeeling
air; atmosphere; mood; situation; someone with no presence; someone who doesn't stand out at all
skin; body (in the context of intimate bodily contact); surface; grain (e.g. of wood); disposition; temperament
to pierce; to stab; to sting; to bite; to sew; to stitch; to pole (a boat)