expectation; anticipation; prediction; forecast; conjecture
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
sacred scripture; sacred book; holy book; writings of a sage
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
hut; cabin; small theatre (theater); temporary playhouse; one's own house
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to stand in a row (e.g. shops on a street); to line in a row; to line; to be equal to; to be on a par with
cliff; precipice; precipice; brink of a dangerous situation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
below; down; bottom; beneath; underneath; just after; right after
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
seems to be; appears to have; supposed to be
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
ancient times; distant past; antiquity
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to pass (of time); to elapse
head (of a household); proprietor (of a store); one's husband; (one's) employer; (one's) master; host
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to consider as; to regard (as equivalent); to deem (as); to equate
attack; assault; raid; criticism; censure; denunciation
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
to obtain; to come into possession of; to get hold of; to get one's hands on
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
you (plural); all of you; you all
cooperation; collaboration
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
delightful; joyous; joyful; happy; desirable; welcome
before one knows; before one becomes aware of; unnoticed; unawares
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
to get dark; to grow dark; to end (of a day, year, season, etc.); to come to an end; to be sunk in (e.g. despair); to be lost in (e.g. thought)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back