supplementary biography; anecdote; side story; spin-off
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
chair; stool; post; office; position
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
deep; profound; dense; thick; close (relationship); intense; strong
seat; bench; temporary job while looking for a better job or until one marries
foot; paw; leg; gait; pace; bottom structural component (i.e. radical) of a kanji; means of transportation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
dangling heavily; swaying to and fro; strolling; rambling; idly; lazily
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
heigh-ho; heave-ho; alley oop
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
shallow; superficial; slight (wound); light (sleep); short (time); early
to cure; to heal; to fix; to correct; to do over again; to replace
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to look up at; to raise one's eyes; to look up to; to admire; to respect
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
now; the present time; just now; another; more
as ... as one can; as ... as possible; as much as possible
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inspection (e.g. customs, factory); examination; scan (e.g. MRI, PET, etc.)
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
master; teacher; stable master
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
to shout; to cry; to scream; to clamor (for or against); to clamour (for or against)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
circumference; outskirts; environs; (computer) peripheral
magical powers; supernatural powers; spell; charm
flow (of a fluid or gas); stream; flow (of people, things); passage (of time); course (of events); (step-by-step) procedure; group of people who remain together after the end of an event
to raise; to raise up; to wake; to wake up; to cause; to bring about; to start
myself; yourself; I; me; you
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)