at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
wife; Mrs; (arch.) wife of a nobleman (aristocrat, etc.); (arch.) consort of the emperor
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
education; schooling; training; culture; cultivation; education
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
turning point; turnaround point (e.g. in a race); turning back point
examination; quiz; test; tryout; rehearsal (in filming)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
passing mark; qualifying marks (score)
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
at present; currently; so far; for now; for the time being
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
favourable; favorable; doing well; OK; all right
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
as usual; as always; as before; as ever; still
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
personality; character; individuality; personhood
face; mask; face guard; (in kendo) striking the head; surface (esp. a geometrical surface); page; aspect
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
definite; final; decisive; conclusive
to raise; to raise up; to wake; to wake up; to cause; to bring about; to start
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
(your) daughter; young woman
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
surrounding at a distance
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)