place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
movement; transfer; migration; mobile; moving; traveling
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
state of affairs (around you); situation; circumstances
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
such; like that; in that way
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
intruder; invader; trespasser; raider
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
to ask a question; to ask questions
particularly; especially; in particular; expressly
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
it is not (like that) either
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
uninterested; unconcerned; plain; light; flowing gently
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
considerably; fairly; quite
administrative; businesslike; practical; impersonal; perfunctory; robot-like
correspondence (to); equivalence; suitability; coordination; dealing with; coping with
as (for); for; in the capacity of
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
easy; likely to ...; have a tendency to ...; easy to ...
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
question; inquiry; enquiry
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)