royal capital; imperial capital
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
to be separated; to be apart; to leave; to go away; to leave (a job, etc.); to quit
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
end; verge; extremity; miss; failure; blank (e.g. lottery ticket)
sunlight filtering through trees
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
detached house; single house; single building; isolated house; house in isolated location
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
Michel; Michele; Michele; Michelle
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
cold; frigid; bracing; dignified
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
door (esp. Japanese-style); shutter; window shutter; (arch.) entrance (to a home); (arch.) narrows
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to strike; to clap; to play drums; to abuse; to bash; to consult; to sound out
chestnut-color; chestnut-colour
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
intimacy; friendship; familiarity
saying something (to someone); greeting; approaching (someone)
cane; walking stick; staff; wand
to put up (a notice, sign, etc.); to hang out (e.g. a banner); to hold up high; to raise overhead; to tout (a principle, plan, etc.); to herald; to publish
capsule toy; vending machine toy; gacha; loot box; loot crate