Lehner; Leyner; Rainer; Rayner
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
tenth day of the month; ten days
to pass (of time); to elapse
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
now; the present time; just now; another; more
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to get used to; to grow accustomed to; to become skilled in; to become experienced at; to become tame; to become domesticated
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
immediately; right away; at once; instantly
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
puzzling; tangled; complicated; complex
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
the most; the best; peerless; the greatest; first-rate
marriage ceremony; wedding; nuptials
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be temperate in; to refrain; to make notes; to jot down (e.g. phone number); to be in preparation for; to be in waiting for
greeting; greetings; speech (congratulatory or appreciative); address; reply; response; revenge
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
adjustment; regulation; coordination; reconciliation; tuning; fixing
advance arrangements; preparatory meeting; overlap (of a coat, etc.); (arch.) making something match exactly
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
inner palace (reserved for women); harem; seraglio; consort of the emperor
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to pass (time); to spend; to overdo (esp. of one's alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol); (arch.) to take care of; (arch.) to support
ruler; monarch; sovereign
to be crowded with people; to be bustling with; to prosper; to flourish; to do thriving business