to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
harvest; crop; ingathering; fruits (of one's labors); gain; result
territory; dominion; grounds (e.g. school)
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
effect; effectiveness; efficacy; effects (e.g. sound effects, visual effects, special effects)
1,000,000; one million; million; many
counter for jewels in a watch; counter for transistors, diodes, etc. in an electronic product
certificate; certified document; (the) thumbs up; seal of approval; paper with signature of the shogun or lord
to make a mess of; to sacrifice; to waste
elegance; dandyism; sophistication; affectation; showing off; putting on an air
house (e.g. of Tokugawa); family
new rice field; newly developed rice field; wasteland or marshland newly reclaimed as a rice field (Edo period)
development; exploitation
to turn up; to roll up (e.g. sleeves); to do over and over again; to do relentlessly; to stage a comeback (against) (in mahjong, horse racing, etc.); to come from behind
10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various
Bakumatsu period; closing days of the Tokugawa shogunate; end of the Edo period
to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to exceed; to surpass; to be more (than)
(crop) yield; stipend (orig. assessed on the basis of a crop); salary
to increase; to add to; to augment
quantity; amount; generosity; magnanimity; pramana; (in Indian philosophy) means by which one gains accurate and valid knowledge
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
stepping (in place); stamping (up and down); stomping; standstill; stalemate
equation; formula; ceremony; style; (arch.) enforcement regulations (of the ritsuryo)
pumping up water (e.g. to a high place for energy storage)
device; instrument; vessel; container; ability; capacity
in terms of both ... and ...; from the perspective of ... as well as ...; whether it be ... or ...
early (days); initial stage; initial
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
far from; anything but; not at all; let alone; to say nothing of; not to mention
peace; tranquility; tranquillity; Heian period (794-1185)
to go upstream; to go back (in time, to origin); to date back to; to trace back to
thereabouts; vicinity; that area; that situation; those circumstances
leadership; initiative; spearhead
to be complete; to be all present; to be equal; to be uniform; to gather; to assemble
development; evolution; expansion; spreading out; expansion (of an algebraic expression); development (of a three-dimensional shape)
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
reality; actuality; practice (as opposed to theory); truly; really; bhutakoti (limit of reality)
being in the capital (i.e. Tokyo, or formerly Kyoto)
retainer; retinue; servant
going through; going via; going by way of
that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage
plot of land; lot; soil; locality; region; place
in comparison to; rather than
to do (a person) good; to bring profit
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach