diffusion; spread; popularization; promulgation; familiarization
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it,...; I mean
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
than; from; out of; except; but; more
to eat; to live; to make a living; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment
Yamashiro (former province located in the south of present-day Kyoto Prefecture)
circumference; outskirts; environs; (computer) peripheral
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to show someone (into a room)
bout (in sports, etc.); match; effort; initiative; dealing with
manuring; fertilization; fertilisation
rural area; countryside; the sticks; hometown
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
few; a little; scarce; insufficient; seldom
domestic animals; livestock; cattle
materials; ingredients; material (for a novel, experiment, etc.); subject matter; grounds (for a decision, judgement, etc.); basis
insufficiency; deficiency; shortage; dissatisfaction; discontent; complaint
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
Edo shogunate (1603-1867)
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
feces and urine; excreta; human waste
possible; potential; practicable; feasible
in one's own way or style
to deal with (a person); to treat; to deal with (a problem); to handle; to operate (e.g. a machine); to handle; to deal in
to collect; to assemble; to gather
(doing) as one pleases; to one's heart's content; letting (something) go unchecked; leaving uncontrolled; leaving (something) to take its own course
(an) exile; vagrant; wanderer; nomad
control; management (e.g. of a business)
to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to provide; to afford; to assign; to cause
furthermore; adding to the above-mentioned; not quite; not very good; lacking
thinking; thought; idea; notion; intention; plan
epidemic; plague; pestilence
measure; step; countermeasure; counterplan; countermove; strategy
betterment; improvement; kaizen (Japanese business philosophy of continuous improvement)
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
ox carriage (for Heian era nobles); oxcart
remodeling; remodelling; restructuring; modding
to carry; to transport; to come; to go; to wield (a tool, etc.); to use
village; hamlet; countryside; country