indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
graduation; completion (of a course); moving on (from); outgrowing (something); leaving (a group, company, etc.)
magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell
entry to school or university; matriculation; enrolment (in university, etc.) (enrollment)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
longish; moderately long; somewhat long; fairly long
rest; recess; vacation; holiday; dormancy (of a silkworm prior to moulting)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to decide to; to pretend that; to make a practice of doing; to make it a rule to
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
detached building; solitary house; room detached from main house; separation from; loss of interest in; independence of
(one's) exclusive use; private use; dedicated use; use for a particular purpose; exclusive use (of particular products); using only (e.g. a certain brand)
to be called ...; to be referred to as ...
discipline; punishment; reprimand
tower; steeple; spire; stupa; pagoda; dagoba
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
treatment; reception; service; working conditions; salary; pay
until now; so far; up to the present
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
to ascend; to go up; to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to go to (the capital); to be promoted; to add up to
entrance; entry; gate; approach; mouth
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)