the New Year begins; the New Year starts
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to fill; to become full (of); to wax (of the moon); to rise (of the tide); to flow; to expire (of a period of time)
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
camp (supporters of a doctrine, party, etc.); faction (of a party); military camp; encampment; cantonment
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(mental) agony; anguish; suffering; distress
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to deepen; to heighten; to intensify
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
holding (a conference, exhibition, etc.); opening; hosting (e.g. the Olympics)
commemoration; celebration; honoring the memory of something; turning something into a memento; memory
to decide; to determine; to establish; to lay down; to bring peace (to); to make peaceful
dot; spot; mark (in an exam, etc.); grade; point (in a game); score; point (in geometry)
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
something; something or other; so-and-so; somehow; anyhow; one way or another
present condition; existing state; status quo; current state
breaking down; defeating; abolishing
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
by all rights; properly speaking; legally speaking
Kanto; region consisting of Tokyo and surrounding prefectures; Kanto; north-eastern half of Japan (during the feudal era)
position; location; base; point; site
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
expressly; especially; taking the trouble (to do); intentionally; deliberately
Kansai; region consisting of Osaka, Kobe, Kyoto and surrounding prefectures; Kansai; south-western half of Japan (during the feudal era)
expedition; (military) campaign; tour (by a sports team, performer, etc.); visit
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
that's a different matter; that's a different story