introduction; presentation; referral; listing
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
details; particulars; longitude and latitude; warp and weft; warp and woof
distinction; difference; separate; different; exception; exclusion
ranking; toplist (e.g. of WWW sites)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
discovery; detection; finding
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
first of all; to begin with; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
creator (of a work); author; writer; artist; composer; playwright
by means of; due to; because of; according to
outline; summary; argument
quotation; citation; reference
counter for the ichi-ni-san counting system (usu. directly preceding the item being counted); noun read using its on-yomi; counter for articles; indicates possessive (esp. in place names)
small peninsula; cape; promontory; headland
senior high school; high school
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
worth; merit; value; good point; redeeming feature; saving grace
second-year student; biennial
somehow; for some reason or other
all members; all hands; everyone; everybody; whole crew
whole; all; general; gross; entire; overall
ignoring (somebody); ostracizing; leaving (someone) out
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
just before; on the verge of; on the brink of; just in front of; just ahead of
everyday; daily; ordinary; usual; routine; regular