indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
breaking off an engagement
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to throw away; to cast away; to abandon; to desert; to give up; to resign
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
close friend; bosom friend; buddy; crony; chum
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
deep; profound; dense; thick; close (relationship); intense; strong
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
distrust of (other) human beings
company; corporation; workplace
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to resign; to retire; to quit; to leave (one's job, etc.)
to stay indoors; to be confined indoors
samadhi (state of intense concentration achieved through meditation); being immersed in; being absorbed in; prone to; apt to
every day; daily; day after day; days (e.g. good old days)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to send (a thing); to dispatch; to take or escort (a person somewhere); to see off (a person); to bid farewell (to the departed); to bury; to spend (time)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
in that way; thus; so; so?
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
management; administration; operation; running (business); conducting
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to earn (income); to make (money); to score (points, victory); to gain (time); to work hard (at one's job); to labor
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)