pet name; nickname; name used to indicate affection, intimacy, informality, etc.
ear; hearing; edge; crust; selvedge (non-fray machined edge of fabrics); selvage
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
immediately; right away; at once; instantly
mouth; opening; hole; mouth (of a bottle); spout; gate; door
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
martial arts; military arts; Bushido
distinguished family; noted family; family status in the Imperial Court; master (of a craft); expert
heir; heiress; inheritor; successor
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
to raise; to rear; to train; to teach; to promote the growth of; to nurture
younger brother; little brother; brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband); (arch.) pupil; (arch.) apprentice
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
heir; inheritor; successor
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
to rank next to; to come after
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
to boast of; to be proud of; to take pride in
thanks to ...; owing to ...; because of ...
really; truly; indeed; good grief
unwelcome; nerdish; unpopular
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
neighbouring country; neighboring country; adjacent country
studying abroad; studying at a different school, etc. (usu. for a specific purpose)
noisily (running around); with heavy feet; in a fluster; in a flurry; slapstick
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
strife; riot; (media) uproar; brouhaha; feud; tussle
to pass; to elapse; to pass through; to go through; to experience; to go through
safety; security; safely; without incident; good health; inaction
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question