indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
waking; waking up; awakening
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
door; gate; opening; title page
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to strike; to hit; to attack; to bash; to sound out (someone's views); to pound (meat or fish); to chop into small pieces
piercing; shrill; noisy; loud; clamorous; wild
sound; noise; (musical) note; fame
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
to visit; to call on; to arrive (of a season, situation, etc.); to come; to appear
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
slightly; lightly; thinly; faintly; dimly
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
blue; azure; green; pale (facial color); gray; unripe
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence; power
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g. a space)
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
a little; a bit; a little while; a short time; a little way; a short distance
such ... as; or some such
time; hour; period; class
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
to rub; to scrub; to repeatedly reuse (a joke, a topic of conversation, etc.); to milk; to mash (a button); to spam (a move)
while; during; while; although; all; both
to rise; to raise up; to straighten up; to sit up; to stand up
to sleep; to die; to rest (in peace); to lie idle (e.g. of resources); to lie unused; (arch.) to close one's eyes
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
to confute; to argue down; to persuade; to convince; to prevail on
same; identical; equal; anyway; in any case; if one must ...
to decide to; to pretend that; to make a practice of doing; to make it a rule to