indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
overseas assignment; overseas posting
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to match (rhythm, speed, etc.); to join together; to unite; to face; to be opposite (someone); to compare; to check with
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be separated; to be apart; to leave; to go away; to leave (a job, etc.); to quit
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
granny; grandma; gran; old lady; old woman
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to live; to get along; to spend (time)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
milk bar; small shop selling milk, sweets, snacks, limited foodstuffs, etc.
honeycomb toffee; sponge toffee; foam candy from heated brown sugar mixed with baking soda
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
coffee shop; tearoom; coffee lounge; coffeehouse; cafe
management; administration; operation; running (business); conducting
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
aging; wearing out; deterioration
physical condition; state of health
face; mask; face guard; (in kendo) striking the head; surface (esp. a geometrical surface); page; aspect
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to visit; to call on; to arrive (season, time, situation, etc.); to come; (arch.) to make a sound; (arch.) to send a letter
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
suspension of business; temporary closure (of a store, school, etc.); shutdown; holiday
state; condition; situation; appearance; circumstances
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate