indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
hut; cabin; small theatre (theater); temporary playhouse; one's own house
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
discovery; detection; finding
taking refuge; finding shelter; evacuation; escape; seeking safe haven
Aomori prefecture (Tōhoku area)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
now; the present time; just now; another; more
cancellation; rescinding; release; calling off; lifting (sanctions); delisting
flight (e.g. airline flight); trip (e.g. train trip); mail; post; opportunity; chance
rock (music); rock; boulder; on the rocks
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
to be separated; to be apart; to leave; to go away; to leave (a job, etc.); to quit
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
clearly; plainly; distinctly; to be clear; to be definite; to be certain
interval; period of time; among; between; good opportunity; chance
to roll up; to enfold; to swallow up; to involve; to drag into
outbreak; spring forth; generation (e.g. of power or heat); genesis; ontogeny; development of complex multicellular structures from cell(s) in a simple state
death; mortality; to die; to pass away