jpdb beta

today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays

5

too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as

35

Kazuko

63

indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

58

at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for

63

to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed

10

good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result

2

study; diligence; discount; reduction

5

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

71

to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post

4

hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no

35

here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...

4

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)

65

in this way; thus; such; uh...

5

at; in; at; when; by; with; and then

35

however; but

2

dog; doggy; bow-wow

8

to drive in (e.g. nail, stake); to hammer in; to hit (a ball, etc.); to drive; to fire into (e.g. a crowd); to launch (e.g. missiles); to input (data)

3

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

90

how many times; how many degrees (temperature, angle, etc.)

1

to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience

3

surprise; astonishment; wonder; amazement

1

don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...

14

scene; spectacle; sight; view

1

be; is; did; (have) done; please; do

29

I; me

25

one's field of expertise; one's strong area

1

so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already

6

first of all; to begin with; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole

1

normal

2

degree; amount; grade; standard; of the order of (following a number); about

1

approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like

1

until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to

5

examination; exam; test; trial; experiment; test

1

results; record; grades; marks

2

to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to show someone (into a room)

1

if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question

31

right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?

22

of course; certainly; naturally

1

to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in

2

to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)

4

how; in what way; how about

3

what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few

3

seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!

2

hey; say; look

9

honest; frank; candid; honestly; frankly

2

Kawakami

2

scholarly ability; scholarship; knowledge; literary ability

1

low (rank, degree, value, content, quality, etc.); low (position); close to the ground; short (height); deep (voice); in a low key

1

Japanese apricot (Prunus mume); Japanese plum; ume; lowest (of a three-tier ranking system)

5