opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
simple substance (e.g. chemical); something standing alone; separate item; solo item
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
restoration; rehabilitation; recovery; recovery (from an illness); recuperation; convalescence
state; condition; situation; appearance; circumstances
strangeness; abnormality; disorder
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
effect; effectiveness; efficacy; effects (e.g. sound effects, visual effects, special effects)
to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to provide; to afford; to assign; to cause
method; manner; appearance; air; tendency; folk song (genre of the Shi Jing)
attribute; property; context; character class, type, fetish, etc.
friend; ally; supporter; taking sides with; supporting; standing by
once; one time; one round; one game; one bout; one heat
to return to normal; to recover; to restore
laws of nature; physical laws; physics
attack; assault; raid; criticism; censure; denunciation
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
grant; allowance; endowment; bestowal; assignment; conferment
counter for occurrences; a time; an instance; inning (baseball); round; episode; chapter
helper; supporter; second; foreign player (hired to strengthen a team)
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
available; enabled; can be used; may be used
secret techniques (of an art or skill); inner mysteries; essence; quintessence; heart
nothing; naught; nought; un-; non-
to abate; to decrease; to diminish; to shorten
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
amount of money; sum of money
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
increase; rise; growth; addition; increment
plural; multiple; several