to talk about; to speak of; to recite; to chant; to indicate; to show
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
gold (Au); golden; prosperous; money (esp. ōban coin); cash
eternity; perpetuity; permanence; immortality
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
middle of summer; height of summer; midsummer
air; atmosphere; mood; situation; someone with no presence; someone who doesn't stand out at all
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to boil; to seethe; to be oppressed by heat
sunlight; sunshine; sunbeams
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
reflection; reflected light; reflected heat; glare
even at the best of times; already; (even) under normal circumstances; in addition to; as it is
hot; warm; passionate; impassioned; on everybody's mind; on the radar
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
increasingly; more and more; decreasingly (when declining); less and less
heating; application of heat
urban area; urban district
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
much less; to say nothing of
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
July; seventh month of the lunar calendar
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to be fed up (with); to be tired (of); to be stumped; to be nonplussed; to wince; to shrink back
August; eighth month of the lunar calendar
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
library (usu. single-room); small library
to stay indoors; to be confined indoors