chief; main; principal; important
character (in a play or novel); dramatis personae
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indication; expression; display; displaying; representation; (copyright) attribution
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
year of a person's death; one's age at death
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
craftsman; artisan; workman; carpenter
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various
3000; three thousand; many
counter for jewels in a watch; counter for transistors, diodes, etc. in an electronic product
(story of the) Forty-seven Rōnin; the Treasury of Loyal Retainers; Chūshingura
person; character; one's character; one's personality; able person; talented person
Genroku era (1688.9.30-1704.3.13)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
March; third month of the lunar calendar
fourteenth day of the month; fourteen days
pine tree (Pinus spp.); highest (of a three-tier ranking system)
corridor; hallway; passageway
in; on; at (place); as for; regarding
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to start; to begin; to challenge; to pick (a fight); to set (traps); to plant (explosives)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
seppuku; harakiri; ritual suicide by disembowelment; seppuku as a death penalty (where the convict is decapitated by a second as they make the motions to disembowel themself; Edo period)
earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
forfeiture; seizure; confiscation; impounding
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
to incur someone's enmity
raising the curtain; opening (of an event); start of a season
(listed in) no particular order; arbitrary order; random order
large stone; boulder; large group of stones (in the game of go)