same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
promotion (school, military, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
difference; distinction; discrepancy; mistake; error
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
(school) class change; class shuffle; rearrangement of which students are in which teacher's class
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
of course; certainly; naturally
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
moving to new seats; moving to new desks
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
somehow; for some reason; without knowing why
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
after all; in the end; anyway; (cannot) possibly; (not) at all; (not) by any means
classroom; lecture room; department (in a university); class; lessons; school (for a particular discipline)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
neck; head; dismissal; discharge
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to go around; to return; to surround; to concern (usu. of disputes)
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
distinction; difference; separate; different; exception; exclusion
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
that's a different matter; that's a different story
for example; for instance; e.g.
wing; Chinese "Wings" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); (arch.) counter for birds or bird wings
childhood friend; friend from infancy; old playmate
hero; the brave; man of valour (valor)
individuality; personality; quirk; idiosyncrasy; character; individual characteristic