indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to approach; to draw near; to be imminent; to press (someone for something); to urge; to compel
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
to tell; to inform; to announce; to indicate; to signal; to mark
bat (Chiroptera spp.); umbrella; opportunist; turncoat
primary school; elementary school; grade school
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
wall; partition; barrier; obstacle; Chinese "Wall" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); wall (of stones)
gap; opening; spare moment; interval; unguarded moment; carelessness
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
living thing; living creature; animal; life
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
when it becomes; when it comes to
insect; bug; worm; roundworm; thing inside one's body believed to influence one's thoughts and feelings; (one's) unconscious; nervousness
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
to turn; to rotate; to go around; to circle; to make the rounds (of); to go around (several places); to go by way of
at; in; at; when; by; with
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
wonderful; splendid; magnificent; exceeding; incredible; remarkable
article; item; thing; goods; wares
to line up; to stand in a line; to rival; to match; to equal
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
north; the North; northern territories; North Korea; (arch.) north wind
wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to reach; to go over; to follow
many; much; majority (of); greater part (of); mostly; mainly
merchant; trader; tradesman; dealer; shopkeeper