original text; source book; draft
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
going; travelling; act; action; bank; counter for banks; counter for groups or parties of people
letter (of alphabet); character; writing
multicolumn layout; column setting
step; stair; grade; rank; counter for breaks in written language (or speech, etc.); dan
Suruga (former province located in the central and northern parts of present-day Shizuoka Prefecture)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
don't you think?; indicates question
how should I put it?; what shall I say?; well, you know; like
honorific/polite/humble prefix
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable; I feel regretful; thank you very much (for help, etc.)
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
inconsequential; indifferent; not worth worrying about; whatever; whichever; I don't care
unreasonable; unnatural; impossible; forcible; forced; excessive (work, etc.); immoderate
cannot (due to external circumstances); cannot afford to; must not; impossible to; no way one can (do)
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
obedient; meek; docile; honest; frank; upfront (about one's feelings)
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
meaning; significance; sense
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
tiny amount (degree, extent); paltry amount; slightest bit
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
denial; negation; negation (logic); NOT operation
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to talk about; to speak of; to recite; to chant; to indicate; to show
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work