original text; source book; draft
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
going; travelling; act; action; bank; counter for banks; counter for groups or parties of people
party; group; troop; one act; one action; one deed
letter (of alphabet); character; writing
multicolumn layout; column setting
step; stair; grade; rank; counter for breaks in written language (or speech, etc.); dan
opposite; reverse; contrary
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
moment; brief space of time
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
once; before; formerly; never yet; never before; first time
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
memory; recollection; remembrance; storage
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
at that time; in those days
to hold in one's arms; to carry in one's arms; to have (problems, debts, etc.); to take on (a responsibility); to employ; to have (on one's staff)
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
without change; as is; just like; extremely similar; immediately; just after
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
as you were; return to your original position!; er, rather
to run to; to come running; to rush (someplace); to hasten
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
splendid; magnificent; utter (esp. defeat); total; (arch.) something worth seeing; (arch.) sight
to fall over; to fall down; to fall; to flop (e.g. of a play); to be a flop
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to cause to swell; to inflame
transcendence; excellence; superiority
clumsy (work); awkward; poorly made; ugly (of a person); unattractive; plain
generation of heat; (attack of) fever; pyrexia
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
somehow; for some reason; without knowing why
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
flow (of a fluid or gas); stream; flow (of people, things); passage (of time); course (of events); (step-by-step) procedure; group of people who remain together after the end of an event