pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
expectation; anticipation; purpose; intention; others' opinions of one; speculation
January; first month of the lunar calendar
thirty-first day of the month; thirty-one days
Sunday; day (of the month); counter for days; Japan
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
lucky omen; happy; auspicious
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
time; hour; period; class
to stream; to flow (liquid, time, etc.); to be washed away; to be carried; to drift; to float (e.g. clouds); to sweep (e.g. rumour, fire)
in the meanwhile; during the time
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
condominium (usu. mid or high-rise); apartment building; apartment house; block of flats; apartment; flat
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
staying the night; lodging (at)
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively
lived-in feel (e.g. of a room); sense of life; hints of daily life
to feel; to sense; to experience
hardly any; almost nonexistent; very little
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
approximate age; apparent age; marriageable age (esp. of a woman); age of maturity; appropriate age (to ...); old enough (to ...)
girl; daughter; baby girl; young woman
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
miscellaneous goods; general goods; sundries
kind; sort; type; similar example; parallel; the like
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
chair; stool; post; office; position