November; eleventh month of the lunar calendar
twenty-sixth day of the month; twenty-six days
gold (Au); golden (color); valuable; of highest value; money; gold coin; Friday
clique; group; (political) faction; wing; school; sect
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
leader; reader; reading book; reader (i.e. someone who reads); microreader; dotted line (in printing)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
of course; certainly; naturally
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
complex; complicated; intricate; mixed (feelings)
state of things; state of affairs; condition; situation; circumstances
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
oneself; oneself; for oneself; personally
direct; immediate; personal; firsthand
people (of a country); nation; citizen; national
towards; against; regarding; in contrast with
to talk about; to speak of; to recite; to chant; to indicate; to show
there is no need to ...; never happens; there is never a time when
so far; up to now; hitherto; that's enough (for today); it ends here
Lord; Sir; state minister (under the ritsuryo system); (arch.) you (in reference to someone of lower status)
instead of; in place of; as a substitute for; in exchange for; in return for; to make up for
writing; composition; essay; sentence
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
by means of; due to; because of; according to
at the most; at best; to the utmost; as much as possible; as much as one can
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to divide; to cut; to halve; to break; to crack; to dilute; to fall below
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
by the way; incidentally; sometimes; occasionally; precisely (at that time); exactly
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
cannot (due to external circumstances); cannot afford to; must not; impossible to; no way one can (do)
lawfulness; propriety; reasonableness; appropriateness; legality; legitimacy
to raise; to bring to (someone's attention); to appeal to (reason, emotions, etc.); to work on (one's emotions); to complain; to sue (a person)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
doubt; question; suspicion; dubiousness
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for