little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
evening; last night; yesterday evening
September; ninth month of the lunar calendar
eighth day of the month; eight days
water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
summer vacation; summer holiday
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
club activities; extracurricular activities
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
school festival; cultural festival; annual open day school event showcasing student talent
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to face; to go towards; to head towards
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to belong to; to come under; to be affiliated with; to be subject to
knitting; knitted material; crochet
research society; study class (e.g. religious); seminar (e.g. presentation of research)
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
study; research; investigation
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
program (e.g. theatre, theater); programme; (theatrical) piece; number; performance
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
consideration; examination; investigation; study; scrutiny; discussion
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
to gather; to collect; to assemble
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
suffix for room numbers; suffix for apartment numbers
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
consultation; discussion; discussing; asking (somebody) for advice
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you