kerosene; paraffin; lamp oil
wild sesame (Perilla frutescens var. frutescens); oilseed perilla; egoma
agricultural community; farm village; rural
energy; vigour; vigor; liveliness; spirit; life
to fill; to become full (of); to wax (of the moon); to rise (of the tide); to flow; to expire (of a period of time)
to be reflected; to harmonize with (harmonise); to come out (photo); to be projected; to be displayed (on a screen)
breaking down; defeating; abolishing
heeding; paying attention; bearing in mind
Nagano prefecture (Chūbu area)
winnow; winnowing basket; winnowing fan
extreme; excessive; terrible; intense; severe; serious
assorted grains; cereals; millet
mid-season crops; mid-season rice; mid-season vegetables
late-growing rice; late-ripening crops; late-blooming flowers; late developer (e.g. child who reaches puberty late); late bloomer
excretion; discharge; excrement
stabilization; stabilisation
ramie (Boehmeria nivea var. nipononivea)
dyer's knotweed (Persicaria tinctoria, used to produce indigo dye); indigo (dye); indigo (colour)
hemp; cannabis; marijuana; Shinto paper offerings
ramie (Boehmeria nivea var. nipononivea)
flax (Linum usitatissimum); linseed
tough; strong; stiff; tenacious
brilliance; polish; lustre; luster; glossy finish (of photographs)
high class; high grade; high rank; seniority
high-quality plain-woven hemp cloth
father-in-law; foster father; stepfather
eldest child; oldest child; first child; eldest son; oldest son