suffix for familiar person
previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
again; once more; a second time
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
to attack; to assail; to succeed (someone in a post, role, etc.); to make a sudden visit
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
mother; mom; wife; you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); she
expert; learned person; doctor; PhD; instructor at the imperial court (ritsuryō period); pitch and length marks (to accompany a Buddhist liturgical chant, etc.)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to run away; to flee; to make off; to start to run away
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
information; news; information (data contained in characters, signals, code, etc.); informatics (as a subject)
to jump in; to leap in; to plunge into; to burst in; to barge in
five colors (esp. red, blue, yellow, white and black); five colours; many kinds; varied; melon; gourd
fatsi (Fatsia japonica); paperplant; Japanese aralia
how; in what way; how about
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
mum; mom; mummy; wifey; dear; missus
to be found; to be discovered
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
face; honour; honor; appearance; look
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
continuously; the whole time; much (more); (by) far; far (away); long (ago, before, after)
search (esp. for someone or something missing); manhunt; legally authorized search of a person, building, etc.