honorific/polite/humble prefix
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
slightly good luck (as a fortune telling result)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
emperor (of Japan); mikado; (the gates of an) imperial residence
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
near; neighbourhood; nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to; shortly; soon
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to pick up; to find; to gather
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
charm; incantation; spell; curse
interrogative sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
to make a decision; to draw a conclusion; to give a judgement; to hand down a verdict; to let go down; to lower; to do oneself
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
printed style (of writing Chinese characters); square style; block style; standard style
that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage
printed style (of writing Chinese characters); square style; block style; book or document that is factual in nature
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
that's the way it is; such is life
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
Echizen (former province located in parts of present-day Fukui and Gifu prefectures)
var. of traditional white, uncreased Japanese paper, made from high-quality mulberry wood
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
babysitting; babysitter; protecting; keeping; keeper
member of shogun's council of elders