indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
Dewa (former province located in present-day Yamagata and Akita prefectures)
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
to rub in; to smear on; to spread on; to lay the blame on
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
household head; master; host (e.g. of a tea gathering); husband
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
Yamagata (city, prefecture); mountain shape; chevron; cone
whole family; entire family; all over the house; throughout the house; retainer of a daimyo; feudal domain
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
quarrel; fight; trouble; dispute; friction; discord
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold in one's arms; to carry in one's arms; to have (problems, debts, etc.); to take on (a responsibility); to employ; to have (on one's staff)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
rumour; rumor; report; hearsay; gossip; common talk
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
to go; to come; to be defeated; to collapse; to be annoyed; to be nonplussed
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
vicissitudes; continual change; transmigration; metempsychosis
end; tip; end (of the year, month, etc.); close; youngest child; descendants; offspring
now; the present time; just now; another; more
safflower (Carthamus tinctorius); dyer's safflower
merchant; trader; tradesman; dealer; shopkeeper
warehouse; storehouse; cellar; magazine; granary; godown
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
assistance; help; helper; babe; chick; broad
under (guidance, supervision, rules, the law, etc.); under (a flag, the sun, etc.); beneath; with (e.g. one blow); on (the promise, condition, assumption, etc. that ...); (somebody's) side
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
perhaps; likely; probably; I dare say
to be affected; to be influenced; to be concerned with; to have to do with; to stick to (opinions)
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
detailed; full; minute; knowing very well; knowledgeable (about); well-acquainted (with)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire