(sound of a) gunshot; (gun) report
Amida Buddha's original vow; long-cherished desire
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
hair; fur; wool; down; plumage
advantage; benefit; profit; interest
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to join hands; to join forces; to work in cooperation; to link up; to partner with
anti-; antithesis; fanqie; traditional Chinese spelling system in which two characters are used: the first one for the onset, the second one for rhyme and tone
group engaged in some activity (players, companies, forces, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
center; centre; middle; -centered; -centred; -focused
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to reach; to amount to; to be up to the task; to come up to; to compare with; to be a match (for)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces
(in) the middle of; (in) the midst of; (in) the course of; (at) the height of
participation in a war; going to war; taking part in a competition or contest
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
suddenly; all of a sudden
battle formation; camp; encampment; group; gang; war
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
escape; flight; running away; elopement; fleeing
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to plan; to attempt; to plot; to conspire; to aim for; to strive for
whole family; entire family; all over the house; throughout the house; retainer of a daimyo; feudal domain
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to provide; to afford; to assign; to cause
cicada; locust; small-sized pulley
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
occasional; infrequent; rare
father (esp. used in samurai families prior to the Meiji period)
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
opportunity; chance; folding; fold; small food box (wooden or cardboard); folding in ... (two, three, etc.); counter for folded items
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
secrecy; confidentiality; privacy; one's circumstances (esp. fiscal)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
from the standpoint of; as a matter of (e.g. fact); aboard (a ship or vehicle); on top of; first volume (e.g. book); superior quality; best